July 28, 2026
Africa’s debt crisis is a governance crisis: findings from UNECA’s Economic Governance Report III
By Dr Kato Kimbugwe, Patience Nduwayezu, Leonidas Kazana Manayubahwe, Jean Marc Mukundabantu - Vanguard Economics…


The evolution of data research has moved toward the use of quantitative metrics and research methods for identifying and evaluating the impact of events or procedures process.
While quantitative research methods can be very important for answering certain research questions, there are important reasons for adopting qualitative or mixed methodology studies to gain a better understanding of complex phenomena. Vanguard Economics explores the use of observational studies and their potential use within our research division. Observational studies can provide answers to "what" phenomena occurred, particularly when people are involved in a process, along with gaining insights into "why" the phenomena occurred.
Designing a clear and compelling company strategy is only the first of many steps. To truly meet strategic targets, your plans must be understood, committed to, and implemented by your all stakeholders. Unfortunately, there is often a measurable gap between strategy design and implementation in too many organisations.
Provides an overview of Monitoring Evaluation, and Learning (MEL) frameworks in the context of global development as well as in the private sector.
Monitoring, evaluation, and learning – also known as MEL – encompasses adaptable frameworks with processes, best practices, and tools that are strategically tailored for the uniqueness of organizations and sector-specific initiatives. Many government agencies, NGOs, and large multinational companies have in place robust and systemic MEL frameworks across their organizations and supply and values chains; others may use facets or components without calling it MEL explicitly.
At Vanguard Economics, MEL is one of our four stand-alone, yet integrative offerings that make up our continuously evolving Evidence For Transformation (E4T) service line. E4T also includes Data & Analytics, Knowledge Management, and Change Management, with each centering context-sensitive evidence and an array of systems and tools, to help organizations undertake rigorous analysis of efforts, make decisions, align outcomes to goals, improve programs, and drive change.